What is DLSS?

Degenerative Lumbosacral Stenosis, or DLSS, is a condition where the spinal canal narrows at the point where the lower spine meets the tailbone. This narrowing is due to a bulging disc, thickening of the joints, or both.

As this narrowing happens, it can compress the nerves and lead to discomfort, weakness, or even incontinence in your dog. It's often caused by natural aging processes, including wear-and-tear changes in the spine, but some dogs may be predisposed if they have abnormalities in that region. Working dogs may be more predisposed as well. Signs occur more when the spine is extended.

How Do We Diagnose DLSS?

1. Clinical Examination: The starting point is a thorough physical check, combined with a neurological examination. It's about identifying any pain spots and understanding the effects on nerve function.
2. X-rays: These give us an initial look at the bone structures, but might not show everything. Some dogs with DLSS may have normal X-rays.
3. Advanced Imaging (MRI or CT scans): These detailed scans let us see beyond the bones – to the discs, ligaments, and the spinal cord itself. It's the best way to confirm the diagnosis and plan the way forward.

Treatment Options

1. Epidural Steroid Infiltration: This is a conservative approach. Steroids are injected around the nerves at the site of compression. The idea is that they can reduce inflammation and pain. It's an option for more mildly affected dogs where surgery might not be the first choice, or to provide relief before considering surgery. Dogs without any wobbliness or incontinence generally have a great response to steroid injections. Three injections are given under general anaesthesia over a course of six weeks.
2. Laminectomy: In this procedure, part of the bone in the spine is removed. This helps relieve the pressure that's causing discomfort or other symptoms. The bulging disc is often removed as well.
3. Laminectomy with Distraction and Fusion: After removing the bone, the neighbouring vertebrae are fused, using bone grafts or other methods. This is an option in those dogs where there is some instability at the lumbosacral joint.

Post-Treatment Care:

1. Limited Movement: It's crucial for your dog to rest for several weeks after the treatment.
2. Physical Therapy: A bit down the line, this can help your dog regain strength and mobility.
3. Medication: Helps with pain and inflammation.
4. Regular Check-ups: These allow us to see how things are healing and make sure everything is on track.

It's essential to remember that every dog is different. Our primary objective is to see your dog return to its playful, happy self swiftly.